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This article is based on the connotation of curriculum ideology and politics, combined with the internal connection of medical education globalization and curriculum ideology and politics, and explores the establishment of a curriculum ideological and political collaborative education system with five dimensions: system construction, curriculum type, teaching design, learning stage, and classroom type, to build an all-round, integrated, systematic, and thorough education pattern for all employees and the entire process, and cultivate socialist builders and successors with an international perspective.
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Starting from the characteristics of nervous system,breaking the traditional subject-centered teaching model,combining the nervous system-related basic and clinical courses,Chongqing Medical University has established a nervous-module organ-system integration curriculum since 2010.This new teaching model is introduced and practiced in 5-year outstanding medical class of Chongqing Medical University.The new integrated curriculum guides students to learn knowledge from points to surface,helps them to combine knowledge vertically and horizontally,and simplifies the duplicate teaching content,so as to promote students to develop coherent and innovative thinking mode.Integrated curriculum pattern is an inevitable trend in medical education reform.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expressions of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), the type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECII)-specific marker, and vimentin, the fibroblast-specific marker, in the lungs of neonatal mice with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and explore the pathogenesis of BPD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Neonatal mice were exposed to hyperoxia to induce BPD, and pathological changes in the lung tissues were examined. At 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after the exposure, the protein and mRNA expressions of TTF-1 and vimentin were detected by double-labeled immunofluorescence assay and real-time PCR, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the neonatal mice exposed in normal air, those with hyperoxic exposure showed developmental disorders and collagen deposition in the lung tissues. The protein expression of TTF-1 decreased while vimentin expression increased in the lung tissues, where their co-expression was observed at 14 and 21 days after the exposure. TTF-1 mRNA expression decreased markedly (P<0.05) and vimentin mRNA increased significantly in the lung tissues at 21 days after hyperoxic exposure of the mice (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hyperoxia-induced transition of AECII to fibroblasts may play an important role in pulmonary fibrosis in neonatal mice with BPD.</p>
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Animals , Female , Mice , Animals, Newborn , Disease Models, Animal , Hyperoxia , Lung , Metabolism , Pathology , Lung Diseases , Metabolism , Pathology , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Nuclear Proteins , Metabolism , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1 , Transcription Factors , Metabolism , Vimentin , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of normobaric hyperoxia exposure on the functions of N9 microglia and explore the underlying mechanism of hyperoxia-induced immature brain injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>N9 microglial cells were exposed to 900 ml/L O(2) for 2, 6, 12, 24 or 48 h, and the cell apoptotic rate was assessed using flow cytometry. The intracellular oxidative stress was measured using a fluorescent DCFH-DA probe, and the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA was detected using RT-PCR. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations in the supernatant of the cell cultures were tested with ELISA following the exposures. TLR4 protein expression was observed using immunofluorescence staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant cell apoptosis was detected after oxygen exposures for 12-24 h. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected after a 2-h exposure. After prolonged hyperoxia exposure, TLR4 expression and IL-1β and TNF-α levels significantly increased in the cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hyperoxia exposure activates TLR4 signaling pathway in N9 microglial cells in vitro, leading to massive production of ROS, IL-1β, and TNF-α and thus triggering cell apoptosis.</p>
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Animals , Mice , Apoptosis , Cell Hypoxia , Cells, Cultured , Interleukin-1beta , Metabolism , Mice, Inbred ICR , Microglia , Cell Biology , Physiology , Oxygen , Pharmacology , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species , Metabolism , Toll-Like Receptor 4 , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
A novel disposable three electrodes blood alcohol biosensor strip was fabricated by a screen printing technique. Multi-wall carbon nanotube(MWCNT), Meldola′s(MB), alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH)and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactor (NAD+) were modified on the surface of the carbon working electrode. Then hydrophilic membrane was stuck in the outermost of the three electrodes to make a reaction camera of 5 μL. Experimental results indicated that the biosensor possessed good accuracy and stability, the linear response range was 0.5-20 mmol/L with correlation coefficient of 0.9949, detection limit was 0.22 mmol/L, and the response time was less than 15 s. Some influencing factors to the biosensor were investigated, such as the pH, temperature and interferences. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the methods of biosensor and the headspace vapor phase chromatography in 10 whole blood samples(r=0.97583). Small volume whole blood sucked using siphonage to detect blood alcohol directly and quantitatively was the obvious character of the biosensor.
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The autonomic nervous function, blood pressure, coordinate motor and blood alcohol Concentration (BAG) of twenty-one healthy Han volunteers were examined before and after alcohol intake. The purpose was to assess the acute effects of low and moderate doses of alcohol on their coordinate motor and autonomic nervous function. The results showed that after alcohol intake the subjects' heart rate increased and the total power value (TPV) decreased significantly. After the intake of alcohol at low dose, the parasympathetic nervous function of the subjects lying supoine was inhibited significantly. After the intake of alcohol at moderate dose, both the parasympathetic and the sympathetic nervous functions were inhibited. After the intake of alcohol at low dose, both the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure of the subjects standing up-right were decreased and the diastolic pressure of those lying supine were also decreased. After the intake of alcohol at moderate dose, the systolic and diastolic pressures of the subjects, either lying supine or standing up-right, were decreased. Some subjects showed ataxia after the intake of alcohol at low dose ,and some showed aggravated ataxia after intake of alcohol at moderate dose of alcohol. There was no relationship of BAG with the degree of changes in autonomic nervous function, blood pressure and ataxia. The results indicated that ataxia was induced to come on and the autonomic nervous function was inhibited in some subjects who had taken low and moderate doses of alcohol ,and the cardiovascular regulation was affected too. These suggested that the increase of alcohol intake is adverse to human body's adaptation to the sharp change of circumstance.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Alcohol Drinking , Autonomic Nervous System , Physiology , Blood Pressure , China , Ethnology , Electrocardiography , Ethanol , Gait Ataxia , Heart RateABSTRACT
Objective To investigate relation of IL-18 and collagen fibre(CF) with plaque stability in aorta atherosclerotic lesion.Methods Morphology and content of CF in rupture of aorta atherosclerotic group(A group),non-rupture of aorta atherosclerotic group(B group) and normal aorta group(C group) were examined by Massion's staining.Expression of IL-18 by was measured immunohistochemical staining among three groups.Results Increasing and arranging turbulence of the CF was found in tunica intima,middle layer and tunica adventitia in A and B groups.Around necrosis of atheromatous plaque,CF significantly increased and arranged turbulence,but the CF decreased or disappeared in necrosis area of atheromatous plaque in A group.The CF significantly increased,arranged turbulence and extended to SMCs in necrosis of atheromatous plaque in B group.Arranging orderliness and absence of disruption of the CF was recorded in C group.Percent age of CF content was significantly different among three groups(P
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By analyzing the current situation of Forensic Medicine’s popularization,point out that it is important to emphasize the education of Forensic Medicine among medical specialty students. Advices were also given.
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0.05).However,there was significant difference in E-selectin expression among each postmortem stability group of which skin samples were kept at 25℃ degree as compared with the wounded skin at 0h after injury(P
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Objective:The aim of the present study is to investigate the expression of TGF- ?1 and bFGF in human DCM myocardium, as well as the roles of TGF - ?1 and bFGF in DCM myocardium remodeling and the mechanism of sudden death induced by DCM. Methods:30 specimens of DCM heart and control have been collected from forensic pathologic autopsy. Tissues have been prepared by paraffin section for HE staining, and immunohistochemistry with antibodies against TGF?1, TGF?R1, bFGF, bFGFR. The staining results have been observed with light microscope and analyzed by image processing system. Results:The results showed that the protein expression of the TGF - ?1in DCM myocardium was increased,and there was no significant difference of the bFGF protein expression between DCM and controls. Conclusion :The results of this experiment indicate that TGF- ?1 is the most important cellular factor in DCM myocardium remodeling,and the role of bFGF in the remodeling of DCM myocardium needs to be further studied.
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This paper reports the forensic pathological diagnosis of 3 cases of sudden death caused by the viral myocarditis. The mechanism of sudden death was discussed.
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Objective:To detect TNF-? in the tissue of myocardium injury during stress and discuss its significance.Methods:To establish a model of myocardium lesion by injecting ISO to mice abdominal cavity,then TNF-? in the tissue of heart was assessed by immunohistochemical method of SP and HE staining in paraffin sections.Results:There were little positive substance of TNF-? expressed in heart in normal control.The positive substance of TNF-? increased significantly after stress.Conclusion:Increase in the expression of TNF-? in stress indicate its participation in the process of myocardium injury,and it may be an objective marker for evaluation of myocardium injury.
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Objective To observe the stability and the change pattern of VEGF expression in myocardium in varied postmortem periods,and to evaluate its usefulness in diagnosis of early myocardial ischemia after death.Methods An animal model of early myocardial ischemia was established by ligating coronary artery of rabbit,immunohistochemistry(SP protocol),image analysis technique and statistical analysis system are applied to detect and compare the area and intensity of expression of VEGF in cardiocytes,and its stability in different postmortem perieds.ResultsIn ischemic myocardium,VEGF shows foci or sheets of intense positive staining in cardiocytes,with negative or weak staining in some cells.There was weak staining in vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells,but no staining in interstitium.When ischemic myocardium stored at 4℃,the staining of VEGF became weaker with time delay,but there was weak staining in a fraction of cardiocytes even 10d after death.There was significant difference in the intensity of VEGF staining between ischemic and normal postmortem myocardium from 1 to 10d.Conclusion VEGF can withstand a certain degree of autolysis or putrefaction,and the immunohistochemical staining of it is valuable in the diagnosis of early myocardial ischemia in corpses stored at 4℃ for 1~10d after death.
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The astrocyte reaction to cerebral trauma was reviewed in this paper,which included the study model,detection technique,as well as the astrocyte changes in the morphology and metabolism.It was also prospected to their significance in medicolegal expertise.